Communicative Language Teaching ( CLT )
NSTRU , Tuesday 1, 7 , 2014 , The importance thing related to the instruction for teacher is pedagogical theory and approach that can pilot teacher how to get the goal in teaching . For English teaching , many popular theories and approaches had been tried out in English class.Some of them could be productively used , but some were failed.The popular one for communicative teaching is CLT , Communicative Language Teaching. This theory can be a good guide for teacher to run classroom activities as the objectives more effectively done.
The principles of CLT are crucial direction for the teacher to create teaching process .To provide real communication , authentic or practical expression , is regarded as a main element to find out the media. Learners have to experiment and get what they need to know by the activities provided.Moreover, learners' errors can indicate teacher how to build up their competences. Hopefully , accuracy and fluency are the main core of the theory in learning English. All of skills , ( listening , speaking , writing and reading ) should be taught together during the activities as the real situation . Finally , learners will get communicative competences from the content teachers ( facilitator ) have taught.
To communicate effectively in particular situation or context, learners should have 4 abilities related communicative competences . Linguistics competence is about sounds , vocabulary and structure considered as a basic skill related to other skills. Linguistics competence is not less important because we, in the real world , have to use different register to suit various time and place. Although learning English for ESL is very hard to to retain all the word register, it is necessitated to use as correct as possible. Moreover, Discourse competence seems much needed for learners to practice in order to communicate more effectively. From many complaint , educators or teachers said that learners in the present era are less proficient on discourse ability. It might reduce the communicative productivity. The last one , Strategic competence is a kind of the way how to utilize languages with the specific objectives or situations.
For classroom activities , it is very essential ti provide students opportunity to enhance communicative skill by teaching grammar ( inductively or deductively ) in the context or the dialogue they are practicing in the class . All of the activities should be a good way to stimulate students to communicate, negotiate,and interact with their peers. Moreover, the content that teachers are going to teach should relevant to their lives of interest by using the authentic materials. Authentic materials or contextualized , real - life materials are those that a student encounters in everyday life but that weren't created for educational purposes (Alejandro G. Martinez, 2002 ). Practical language must be learnt through the role play situations.
To sum up, Communicative language Teaching is the approaches that have developed from a grammar - based language teaching idea to where the communication is the main objective. Such approaches are CBI and TBI which both of those are the leading approaches most teachers are currently using to teach ESL / EFL around the world. They are proven to be effectively used , and the most important thing is that students are truly learning to use language to communicate their ideas to the different situations.
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